General Submission Requirements

• The manuscript must be original and must not have been published previously as a journal article.
• The manuscript must not be under simultaneous consideration by another journal.
• The topic must be consistent with the aims and scope of Ajari.
• The manuscript must use the official Ajari manuscript template.
• Authors must complete substantive, technical, and language editing before submission.
• All authors must approve the manuscript and agree to its submission.
• Author names, affiliations, email addresses, and other metadata entered in OJS must be accurate and complete.
• All identifying information must be removed from the manuscript submitted for double-blind peer review.
• Author details must be entered separately in the OJS submission metadata and restored to the manuscript after acceptance.
• All red instructions, arrows, examples, placeholder text, sample tables, and illustrative figures in the template must be removed or replaced before submission.
• Authors must retain a complete copy of the submitted manuscript, data, ethical documents, and supporting files.

Title and Author Information

Manuscript Title

The title should be concise, informative, and accurately reflect the principal educational issue, variables, population, context, method, or contribution of the study. Avoid unexplained abbreviations, unnecessary punctuation, and overly broad wording.

Author Names and Affiliations

Write author names without academic or professional titles. Use superscript Arabic numerals to connect each author with the appropriate institutional affiliation. Affiliations should follow the format: Department, Faculty, University, City, Country.

Corresponding Author

Identify one corresponding author and provide an active email address. Other author email addresses should also be entered accurately in the OJS metadata.

Anonymous Review File

For the initial double-blind review, remove author names, affiliations, email addresses, acknowledgements that reveal identity, and identifying document properties. Complete author information must still be entered in the OJS submission metadata.

Abstract

The abstract must contain 150–250 words, present a complete overview of the article, and contain no citations, tables, figures, unexplained abbreviations, or unnecessary background information.

Use the following five structured subheadings:

1. Purpose – State the educational problem, objective, or research question.
2. Methodology – Identify the research design, participants or data sources, instruments, procedures, and analysis.
3. Findings – Present the principal results or arguments.
4. Implications – Explain the main theoretical, policy, managerial, technological, or practical implication.
5. Originality – State the article's distinctive contribution to educational scholarship or practice.

Introduction

Explain the educational issue, its international and national context, the specific problem addressed, and its significance. Present relevant empirical evidence, establish the theoretical basis, identify the research gap, state the novelty, and clearly formulate the objective, research question, or hypotheses. The final paragraph should explain the study's contribution to educational theory, policy, or practice.

Literature Review

Critically synthesize relevant journal articles, books, reports, and scholarly sources. Organize the discussion according to concepts, theories, relationships, and unresolved issues rather than listing studies individually. Examine international and Indonesian evidence, identify inconsistencies, and demonstrate how the literature supports the research framework or focus.

Hypothesis Development

This section is required when the study tests hypotheses. Develop each hypothesis from an established theory and a critical synthesis of previous empirical findings. Define the expected relationship, explain the proposed mechanism, acknowledge inconsistent findings, and end each subsection with a clear and testable hypothesis.

Research Methods

Describe the research approach and design, study location and period, population or participants, sampling technique, instruments or data sources, data-collection procedures, analysis techniques, and ethical safeguards. Explain why the selected methods are appropriate for the educational problem.

Quantitative studies should report instrument validity and reliability, model specifications, and analytical assumptions. Qualitative studies should explain participant selection, data saturation, coding, triangulation, member checking, audit trail, or other trustworthiness procedures. Development and evaluation studies should explain development stages, expert validation, trials, and evaluation criteria. Completed procedures should generally be written in the past tense.

Results and Discussion

Present findings in a logical sequence and interpret their educational significance. Explain how the findings answer the research question or test the hypotheses. Compare the findings with previous studies, relate them to the theoretical framework, discuss unexpected results, and state their implications for educational policy, leadership, curriculum, teaching, assessment, technology, inclusion, or professional practice. Avoid repeating every value already presented in tables and figures.

Conclusion

Synthesize the principal answer to the research objective, state the study's contribution, and present the most relevant practical implication. Do not introduce new data, citations, or arguments. Recommendations and future research directions should be focused and derived directly from the findings.

Tables and Figures

• Number tables and figures consecutively using Arabic numerals.
• Cite every table and figure in the text before it appears.
• Place tables and figures near their first citation rather than collecting them at the end of the manuscript.
• Place table titles above the table.
• Place figure captions below the figure and centre them.
• State the source below every table or figure when the material is original, adapted, or reproduced.
• Use horizontal rules in tables and avoid vertical lines.
• Do not submit screenshots of tables.
• Use Garamond 12-point font in tables, with a minimum of 10 points when necessary.
• Avoid decorative colours, excessive shading, and unnecessary graphic effects.
• Do not use bold or italic text in table contents unless it has a defined analytical meaning.
• Define all abbreviations in a table note or figure caption.
• Ensure that figures, charts, and diagrams remain clear when displayed electronically or printed.
• Each table or figure should fit within one portrait-oriented page whenever possible.
• Authors must obtain permission to reproduce copyrighted tables, figures, photographs, instruments, or illustrations when required.

References

• Use APA 7th edition consistently.
• Arrange references alphabetically by the first author's surname.
• Apply a hanging indent to every reference entry.
• Use letters a, b, and c after the year when the same author or author group has more than one publication in the same year.
• Prioritize relevant, current, peer-reviewed scholarly sources.
• Verify author names, publication years, article titles, journal titles, volume, issue, page range, and publisher information.
• Include an active DOI URL in the format https://doi.org/... whenever a valid DOI exists.
• Do not invent, guess, or construct a DOI.
• For reports and webpages without a DOI, provide the author or organization, publication date, title, publisher or website name, and a stable URL.
• Include a retrieval date only for online content designed to change over time.
• Authors are encouraged to use reference-management software and review every imported record manually.

Research Ethics and Required Declarations

Authors must include the following declarations when applicable:

• Ethics Approval: State the ethics committee, approval number, and approval date for research requiring ethical review.
• Informed Consent: Explain how voluntary informed consent was obtained from participants or their authorized representatives.
• Confidentiality: Remove or protect personally identifiable, institutional, and sensitive information.
• Conflict of Interest: Disclose any financial, personal, professional, or institutional interest that could influence the work.
• Funding: Identify all funding sources and grant numbers. When no external funding was received, state this clearly.
• Data Availability: Explain whether the supporting data are publicly available, available on reasonable request, restricted, or not applicable.
• Artificial Intelligence Use: Disclose material use of generative artificial intelligence or automated tools in writing, translation, coding, analysis, or visualization.
• Third-Party Permissions: Provide evidence of permission for copyrighted instruments, figures, tables, images, or substantial reproduced material when required.

Pre-Submission Checklist

• The manuscript is original and is not under consideration elsewhere.
• The topic is consistent with the aims and scope of Ajari.
• The official manuscript template has been used.
• The anonymous review file contains no author-identifying information.
• The abstract contains 150–250 words and uses all five required subheadings.
• A maximum of five keywords and five subject-area terms have been provided.
• All tables and figures are numbered, cited, captioned, and provided with sources.
• The manuscript follows APA 7th edition.
• Every in-text citation appears in the reference list and every reference entry is cited in the text.
• All DOI links and bibliographic metadata have been verified.
• Ethics approval, informed consent, funding, conflict-of-interest, data-availability, and AI-use statements have been included when applicable.
• All authors have approved the final submitted version.
• All sample content and red instructional text have been removed from the template.
• The manuscript has been proofread for academic language, grammar, consistency, and formatting.