Copyright & License

The Journal of Applied Economics & Business (JAEB) is committed to protecting authors' intellectual property rights while supporting open access, responsible scholarly communication, broad dissemination, and lawful reuse of published research.

Authors retain copyright in articles published by JAEB. By publishing an article in the journal, the authors grant JAEB and Velora Indonesia the right of first publication through a non-exclusive License to Publish.

Unless otherwise stated, all articles published by JAEB are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Copyright Ownership

Copyright in every article published by JAEB remains with the author or authors. Authors do not transfer full copyright ownership to the Journal of Applied Economics & Business or Velora Indonesia.

Authors retain the right to:

Be identified as the creators of the article;
Receive appropriate attribution whenever the article is cited, distributed, translated, reproduced, or adapted;
Reuse the article in future scholarly publications with proper acknowledgment of the original publication;
Include the article in a thesis or dissertation;
Use the article for teaching, academic presentations, professional training, and research activities;
Share the article with students, colleagues, practitioners, policymakers, and research communities;
Deposit the article in institutional, disciplinary, funder, or public repositories;
Post the article on personal or institutional websites;
Use parts of the article in books, chapters, reports, or other scholarly works with appropriate citation;
Translate or authorize the translation of the article in accordance with the applicable license;
Develop further research based on the published work.

Copyright retention does not remove the authors' responsibility to comply with publication ethics, research integrity, confidentiality, privacy, copyright, and third-party rights.

License to Publish

Upon acceptance, authors grant JAEB and Velora Indonesia a non-exclusive License to Publish. This license authorizes the journal to publish the accepted article as the official version of record and to identify JAEB as the place of first publication.

Through the License to Publish, authors authorize JAEB to:

Publish, reproduce, distribute, display, and communicate the article in electronic, printed, and other lawful formats;
Provide immediate open access to the article;
Perform copyediting, proofreading, layout preparation, metadata preparation, and technical production;
Publish the article on the official journal website;
Distribute the article through repositories, databases, libraries, and scholarly communication platforms;
Submit the article and its metadata to indexing, abstracting, archiving, discovery, and registration services;
Register a Digital Object Identifier when DOI registration becomes available;
Preserve the article through repositories, backup systems, institutional archives, or digital preservation networks;
Produce accessible, machine-readable, and alternative publication formats;
Link the article with corrections, expressions of concern, retractions, or other editorial notices when required;
Distribute the article under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The License to Publish is non-exclusive. Authors may continue to exercise their copyright and reuse the article, provided that the original publication in JAEB is acknowledged appropriately.

Right of First Publication

Authors grant JAEB the right to publish the accepted manuscript for the first time as a formal journal article.

The official published article must identify:

The author or authors as the copyright holders;
The Journal of Applied Economics & Business as the original journal;
Velora Indonesia as the publisher;
The publication year;
The volume and issue number;
The page range or article number;
The DOI or permanent article URL when available;
The Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Any republication, translation, adaptation, or distribution of the article must acknowledge its first publication in JAEB.

Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Articles published by JAEB are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The complete legal terms are available through the CC BY-SA 4.0 Legal Code.

Under CC BY-SA 4.0, users may:

Read and download the article without payment or subscription;
Copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format;
Print and distribute copies of the article;
Share the article through repositories, websites, databases, and learning platforms;
Translate the article into another language;
Remix, transform, or adapt the material;
Build upon the published work;
Reuse eligible tables, figures, and other article content;
Conduct text and data mining;
Use the material for academic, educational, professional, policy, commercial, and noncommercial purposes;
Create derivative works based on the published material.

These permissions apply provided that users comply with the attribution, ShareAlike, indication-of-changes, and other requirements of the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Attribution Requirements

Anyone who copies, distributes, translates, adapts, republishes, or otherwise reuses JAEB content must provide appropriate attribution.

Appropriate attribution should include, when available:

The name of the author or authors;
The title of the article;
The name of the Journal of Applied Economics & Business;
Velora Indonesia as the publisher;
The publication year;
The volume and issue number;
The page range or article number;
The DOI or permanent article URL;
A link to the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License;
A statement indicating whether the material has been changed, translated, shortened, expanded, or adapted.

Attribution may be provided in any reasonable manner appropriate to the medium and context of reuse.

Attribution must not imply that the authors, editors, JAEB, or Velora Indonesia endorse the person, institution, organization, product, service, adaptation, or interpretation using the material.

ShareAlike Requirement

When users remix, translate, transform, adapt, or build upon material published by JAEB, the resulting adapted material must be distributed under the same Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License or another license officially recognized as compatible with CC BY-SA 4.0.

Users may not distribute an adapted version under licensing terms that prevent others from exercising the rights provided by CC BY-SA 4.0.

The ShareAlike requirement applies to derivative or adapted material. It does not require an independent article, book, report, or other work that merely cites a JAEB publication to use the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Indication of Changes

Users who modify, translate, shorten, expand, remix, or adapt published material must clearly indicate that changes have been made.

A translated or adapted version must not be represented as:

The unchanged original article;
The official version of record;
A version approved or endorsed by the original authors;
A version approved or endorsed by JAEB or Velora Indonesia, unless written authorization has been provided.

Users should preserve information concerning previous modifications when that information is available.

No Additional Restrictions

Users may not apply legal terms, digital rights management, access controls, or technological restrictions that prevent others from exercising the rights granted under CC BY-SA 4.0.

A person or organization redistributing JAEB content must preserve the applicable attribution, license, and ShareAlike requirements.

Author Warranties

By submitting and approving an article for publication, the authors confirm that:

The manuscript is original;
The manuscript has not been published previously as a formal journal article;
The manuscript is not under simultaneous consideration by another journal;
All listed authors meet the journal's authorship criteria;
All authors have approved the submitted and accepted versions;
The authors have the authority to grant the License to Publish;
The article does not knowingly infringe copyright, privacy, confidentiality, trademark, database, or other legal rights;
All third-party materials have been identified and attributed appropriately;
Necessary permissions have been obtained when required;
The data, analysis, findings, and conclusions have not been fabricated or falsified;
Funding sources and conflicts of interest have been disclosed;
Ethical approval and informed consent have been obtained when required;
Related publications, preprints, theses, dissertations, conference papers, and overlapping manuscripts have been disclosed;
References, quotations, and DOI links are authentic and verifiable;
The authors accept responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the article.

Author Moral Rights

Authors retain their moral rights to be identified as the creators of the article and to object to false attribution, misleading presentation, or inappropriate alteration where such rights are recognized by applicable law.

The CC BY-SA 4.0 license does not authorize users to:

Claim authorship of another person's work;
Remove or falsify author names;
Misrepresent the authors' findings;
Present an adaptation as the unchanged original article;
Suggest author, journal, editor, or publisher endorsement without authorization;
Use the material in a manner that violates privacy, confidentiality, or applicable law.

Third-Party Materials

The CC BY-SA 4.0 license applies only to material for which the authors or JAEB hold sufficient rights.

Third-party materials may include:

Photographs;
Figures and illustrations;
Maps;
Tables;
Questionnaires and measurement instruments;
Scales and assessment tools;
Logos and trademarks;
Datasets;
Software and source code;
Previously published excerpts;
Other copyrighted materials.

When third-party material is excluded from the article's CC BY-SA 4.0 license, the exclusion must be stated clearly in a credit line, caption, note, or other notice.

Users who wish to reuse excluded third-party material are responsible for obtaining permission directly from the relevant copyright holder when permission is required.

Permissions for Third-Party Content

Authors must obtain written permission before submitting copyrighted third-party material when the intended use is not covered by an applicable exception, limitation, public-domain status, or existing license.

Permission documentation should:

Identify the copyright holder;
Identify the material being reused;
Authorize publication by JAEB;
Authorize electronic and open-access distribution when required;
State any attribution, licensing, or reuse conditions;
Be submitted to the editorial office upon request.

JAEB may remove or reject third-party material when sufficient rights or permissions cannot be demonstrated.

Author Reuse Rights

Authors may reuse their published articles without requesting additional permission from JAEB, provided that:

The original publication is cited;
JAEB is identified as the place of first publication;
The DOI or permanent article URL is included when available;
The reuse does not misrepresent the publication status;
Third-party rights are respected;
Adapted versions comply with the ShareAlike requirement.

Permitted author reuse includes:

Use in a thesis or dissertation;
Use in a scholarly book or book chapter;
Use in teaching and learning materials;
Use in conference presentations;
Distribution to students and research collaborators;
Deposit in institutional or subject repositories;
Posting on personal or institutional websites;
Inclusion in research reports;
Translation into another language;
Development of an extended or derivative study.

Self-Archiving Rights

JAEB permits authors to archive and share:

The submitted manuscript before peer review;
The accepted manuscript after peer review;
The final published version of record.

Authors may deposit these versions in:

Institutional repositories;
Subject repositories;
Funder repositories;
Personal academic websites;
Institutional staff-profile pages;
Academic networking platforms;
Other lawful repositories.

JAEB does not impose an embargo on the self-archiving of the final published version.

Deposited copies should include:

The complete published citation;
The DOI or permanent article URL;
The name of JAEB as the original publication source;
The applicable CC BY-SA 4.0 license statement;
A clear identification of the deposited version.

Republication and Translation

Articles may be republished or translated under CC BY-SA 4.0 without requesting separate permission, provided that all license conditions are fulfilled.

A republication or translation must:

Credit the original authors;
Identify JAEB as the original journal;
Provide the original citation;
Include the DOI or permanent article URL;
Link to the CC BY-SA 4.0 license;
State that the work has been republished, translated, or adapted;
Identify any modifications;
Use the same or a compatible ShareAlike license;
Avoid implying endorsement by the authors, journal, or publisher.

A republished, translated, or adapted version must not replace or be represented as the official version of record.

Commercial Reuse

CC BY-SA 4.0 permits commercial reuse of JAEB articles when proper attribution is provided and the ShareAlike requirement is followed.

Commercial reuse may include:

Inclusion in commercial databases;
Reuse in commercial textbooks;
Use in professional training materials;
Translation by a commercial publisher;
Use in consulting or analytical services;
Development of commercial derivative products;
Other lawful commercial applications.

Commercial reuse does not permit plagiarism, false endorsement, removal of attribution, violation of third-party rights, or misrepresentation of research findings.

Educational and Noncommercial Reuse

JAEB encourages the lawful use of published articles for teaching, research, policy analysis, public education, professional development, and community activities.

Articles may be used in:

Course reading lists;
Learning-management systems;
Classroom materials;
Academic presentations;
Research workshops;
Policy briefings;
Library repositories;
Professional training;
Public and community education.

Appropriate attribution remains mandatory for educational and noncommercial reuse. Adapted educational materials must comply with the ShareAlike requirement.

Text and Data Mining

JAEB permits text and data mining of published articles under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.

Users may use automated tools to:

Analyze article content;
Extract bibliographic information;
Identify research trends;
Conduct linguistic or semantic analysis;
Develop research databases;
Conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses;
Support other lawful computational research.

Text and data mining must preserve appropriate attribution and comply with applicable privacy, confidentiality, database, research-ethics, and legal requirements.

Research Data and Supplementary Materials

The license applied to an article does not automatically apply to every research dataset, confidential document, software package, questionnaire, or supplementary file.

A separate license or access condition may be stated for research data and supplementary materials.

Research data may be restricted when disclosure could:

Violate participant confidentiality;
Reveal personally identifiable information;
Violate informed-consent conditions;
Disclose confidential organizational or commercial information;
Violate legal or contractual obligations;
Infringe intellectual property rights;
Create a public-safety or security risk.

Authors must provide an appropriate Data Availability Statement explaining the applicable access conditions and restrictions.

Version of Record

The version of record is the final article formally published by JAEB after peer review, editorial acceptance, copyediting, layout preparation, author proofreading, and metadata verification.

The version of record should be used for formal citation.

Earlier manuscript versions must not be represented as identical to the final published version when substantive or editorial changes have occurred.

Repositories and academic platforms should provide a link to the official version of record whenever possible.

Corrections, Retractions, and Editorial Notices

Copyright retention and open licensing do not prevent JAEB from correcting, retracting, or issuing an expression of concern regarding published content.

When a correction is issued:

The original article normally remains accessible;
A correction notice is published;
The article and correction notice are linked;
The relevant metadata are updated when necessary.

When an article is retracted:

The article normally remains available as part of the permanent scholarly record;
The article is clearly identified as retracted;
A retraction notice explains the reason;
The article and retraction notice are linked;
Users must not present the retracted article as reliable current evidence.

Article removal is reserved for exceptional circumstances involving legal obligations, serious privacy risks, public-safety concerns, or court orders.

Misuse of Licensed Content

The CC BY-SA 4.0 license does not authorize:

Plagiarism;
False claims of authorship;
Removal of required attribution;
Misrepresentation of findings;
False claims of endorsement;
Violation of privacy or confidentiality;
Reuse of excluded third-party material without permission;
Distribution of adapted material under incompatible licensing terms;
Alteration or removal of correction and retraction notices to mislead readers;
Any use that violates applicable law.

JAEB may request correction of attribution or take appropriate editorial or legal action when published content is reused deceptively, unethically, or unlawfully.

Copyright and License Display

On the Copyright and License page;
On the Open Access Policy page;
In the Author Guidelines;
On the article landing page;
Within the article PDF or other galley format;
In the License to Publish agreement;
In OJS metadata;
In DOI metadata when DOI registration becomes active;
In repository and indexing metadata when supported.

The recommended copyright notice for published articles is:

The recommended HTML notice is:

Non-Revocability of the License

Rights granted under CC BY-SA 4.0 cannot normally be withdrawn from users who continue to comply with the license terms.

A later change to the journal's licensing policy will not remove rights already granted for articles previously published under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Removal of an article from the journal website does not automatically cancel lawful rights already granted under the license.

Privacy, Publicity, and Other Rights

CC BY-SA 4.0 may not provide every permission required for a particular form of reuse.

Users remain responsible for considering:

Privacy rights;
Publicity rights;
Moral rights;
Trademark rights;
Patent rights;
Database rights;
Confidentiality obligations;
Ethical restrictions;
Third-party contractual rights.

Users must obtain additional permission when their intended use requires rights not covered by the applicable license.

Disclaimer

Published articles represent the scholarly work, findings, and views of their authors.

Publication by JAEB does not necessarily mean that the editors, editorial board, peer reviewers, Velora Indonesia, or affiliated institutions endorse every statement, conclusion, recommendation, or interpretation contained in an article.

Users remain responsible for evaluating the accuracy, suitability, interpretation, and lawful use of published content.

The Creative Commons license does not constitute a warranty concerning the accuracy, completeness, fitness, or legal status of the licensed material.

Policy Consistency

The copyright and licensing provisions stated on this page must remain consistent with:

The Open Access Policy;
The Author Guidelines;
The Publication Ethics policy;
The License to Publish agreement;
The manuscript template;
The article galley;
The OJS metadata;
The journal homepage;
Repository and indexing records.

JAEB uses a License to Publish Agreement rather than a full Copyright Transfer Agreement because authors retain copyright.

Policy Review

JAEB may update this policy to reflect developments in copyright law, open-access standards, Creative Commons licensing, repository practices, publication ethics, metadata requirements, or national journal-accreditation standards.

A future policy update will not remove rights already granted under CC BY-SA 4.0 for previously published material.

Editorial Contact

Questions concerning copyright, licensing, permissions, attribution, republication, translation, adaptation, self-archiving, or third-party material should be directed to the official JAEB editorial office.

Journal of Applied Economics & Business
Publisher: PT Penerbit Velora Indonesia
Email: ejournal@veloraindonesia.com
Website: veloraindonesia.com

This Copyright and License Policy forms part of the editorial policies of the Journal of Applied Economics & Business. Authors retain copyright and grant JAEB the right of first publication through a non-exclusive License to Publish. All published articles are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License unless otherwise stated.